https://www.vasudhaearthing.com/earthing-pipe.php

Pipe earthing is a grounding method that utilizes a metal pipe, such as copper or galvanized steel, as the earthing electrode. The pipe is driven vertically into the ground and connected to the grounding conductor of an electrical system. It provides a direct path for electrical fault currents to flow safely into the ground. Pipe earthing is a simple and cost-effective solution commonly used in residential, commercial, and industrial settings. However, its effectiveness may depend on soil conditions and proper installation. Regular maintenance and testing are necessary to ensure its continued performance.