It plays a crucial role in Tajweed, ensuring the correct pronunciation and preservation of the Quran's meaning and beauty.
Here's a detailed breakdown of Madd in Tajweed:
- The Letters of Madd:
There are three letters associated with Madd, known as Huruf al-Madd:
- Alif (ا)
- Waw (و)
- Ya (ي)
These letters must be silent (without a vowel sound) and preceded by a vowel sign (Fatha, Damma, or Kasra) depending on the letter:
- Alif: Preceded by Fatha (e.g., غَافِرٌ - Ghafoor)
- Waw: Preceded by Damma (e.g., وَالضُّحَى - Ad-Duhaa)
- Ya: Preceded by Kasra (e.g., رَحِيمٌ - Raheem)
- Types of Madd:
There are seven main types of Madd, each with specific rules and varying lengths of extension:
- Madd Asli (Natural Madd): This is the inherent lengthening of the Madd letter due to its nature. It extends for two counts.
- Madd Far'i (Branching Madd): This lengthening occurs when a Madd letter is followed by a hamza (ء) without a vowel sign. It extends for two counts.
- Madd Wajib (Obligatory Madd): This occurs when a Madd letter sits at the end of a word and is followed by a pause (Waqf). It extends for two to six counts depending on the recitation style.
- Madd Jaiz (Permissible Madd): This allows for the lengthening of a Madd letter even when it's not followed by a pause, but only in specific contexts. It extends for one to four counts.
- Madd Muttasil (Connected Madd): This type of Madd occurs when a Madd letter is followed by another Madd letter within the same word. The first Madd is slightly extended for one count.
- Madd al-Lin (Madd of Ease): This is a subtle lengthening applied to a Madd letter at the end of a word followed by a Sukun (no vowel sign) and then another letter with a vowel. It extends for less than one count.
- Madd Aridh Li-s-Sukun (Madd due to Sukun): This lengthening occurs when a Madd letter has a Sukun and is followed by a word that begins with a consonant. It extends for one to two counts.
Intrigued to learn more about Madd and elevate your Quranic recitation? Dive deeper into our comprehensive guide on Madd in Tajweed, exclusively on Alustadh Academy. This in-depth exploration will equip you with the knowledge and practical guidance to master this essential Tajweed skill.
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